@icedquinn Nowadays it's #AI
In the olden days the only way to do noise cancelling as we view it today would be to have an exact sample of what you want to remove and invert it as inversion of audio waves creates silence. As tech got better, #AI could remove sounds similar to the sample you've provided, and nowadays you can use an #ML trained on a whole bunch of media that can remove stuff like vocals or music as needed
I use this on occasion: https://vocalremover.org/