A small modular reactor (SMR) is a type of nuclear fission reactor with a rated electrical power of 300 MWe or less. SMRs are designed to be factory-fabricated and transported to the installation site as prefabricated modules, allowing for streamlined construction, enhanced scalability, and potential integration into multi-unit configurations. The term SMR refers to the size, capacity and modular construction approach. Reactor technology and nuclear processes may vary significantly among designs. Among current SMR designs under development, pressurized water reactors (PWRs) represent the most prevalent technology. However, SMR concepts encompass various reactor types including generation IV, thermal-neutron reactors, fast-neutron reactors, molten salt, and gas-cooled reactor models.
Commercial SMRs are designed to deliver an electrical power output as low as 5 MWe (electric) and up to 300 MWe per module. SMRs may also be designed purely for desalination or facility heating rather than electricity. These SMRs are measured in megawatts thermal MWt. Many SMR designs rely on a modular system...
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