2x2 table comparing goal orientations on a mastery-performance axis vs a approach-avoidance axis. Mastery-approach is characterized by learning from errors and judging performance by self-improvement. All other orientations view errors as indications of failure. performance-approach judges performance based on being the best performer. Mastery-avoidance (avoiding failure to master) judges performance on not being wrong. Performance-avoidance judges performance on not being the worst performer.
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