The Puss Moth, Cerura vinulais, is well recorded through most of the southern half of the British Isles becoming less common in the north.
This distinctive nocturnal moth flies in a single generation between May and July when it is attracted to light.
It can be found in a wide range of habitats including moorland, gardens and open woodland.
The caterpillars are dark brown at first with a pair of small horn like protuberances on the dorsum behind the head.
A pair of red tipped, modified rear claspers, over half the body length long, are raised to warn off predators when disturbed.
Within 7 days the caterpillars have changed into a third instar – the subtle shades of brown, yellow and green designed to blend in with the foodplant leaves.
The caterpillars continue to feed on top of leaves as they grow. In strong sun light their dark silhouette on the upperside of a leaf may at times be seen when looking up from below.
Tachinids are the most important of the parasitic flies that provide biological control. Adults range from 1/12 to 4/5 inch (2–20 mm) long, and most are 1/8 to 1/2 inch (3–12 mm) long, varying by species.
Tachinid flies fall squarely into the category of beneficial insects when it comes to the role they play in our gardens. But it isn’t the adult fly that’s the harbinger of death. Instead, it’s the larval fly.
Larvae are pale maggots that occur inside hosts. Because mature larvae of many species exit their host to pupate, the oblong blackish to dark reddish puparium (covering of the pupae) of tachinids can sometimes be observed, such as near a host pupa that was killed and has a distinct emergence hole of the parasitoid.
Dorylus ants, members of the Formicidae family, contain over 61 different species and are the most aggressive ants on the planet. Aside from their hostile nature, fierce bite, and piercing sting, they overtake their prey in large numbers.
These ants are known for their nomadic existence and their manner of hunting in massive swarms that are known to carpet the forest floor. As they creep across the land, insects and other mammals flee from the armies. The unfortunate animals that are too sick or injured to move may be consumed by the ants. But the majority of the driver ant diet consists of insects and earthworms.
Driver ants not only swarm the ground but can cross water, scale walls, and cliffs, and climb trees. They do this by creating bridges or tunnels with their bodies. The columns they create are flanked by the larger soldier ants, while the smaller workers can pass through safely.
The ants are found in Central, Eastern, and South Africa and tropical Asia. Their habitats are rainforests, grasslands, and scrublands. The ants are nomadic and live in temporary underground nests, which they relocate often.
@mistermonster I am not certain, but "As of November 2021, the genus Gasteracantha contains 69 species and 18 subspecies" ..this article has some info and lists each one:
oh wtf I just realized the description of this got missed:
The spiny-backed orb weaver spins flat, orb-shaped webs in shrubs, trees and in the corners of windows, soffits and similar outdoor areas of buildings. These spiders capture flying, and sometimes crawling, insects found around a home. They are not dangerous and would easily be overlooked if not for their unique coloration. They do not invade indoors unless carried inside while living in a potted plant. This spider is common along the southeast coast of the United States and is a regular inhabitant of yards in Florida.
Also known as the crab-like orbweaver and the spiny backed orbweaver, this spider is small, coming in at less than half an inch in size. It has a hard and broad abdomen that can be orange, white, or yellow, usually with distinctive red markings.
Spiny orb weaver spiders build distinctive webs. They often have tufts of silk that prevent birds from being confused and flying into them. When these spiders catch their prey, they paralyze their prey and then consume the liquefied insides of their catch.
These spiders have dense spines that are believed to serve as a sort of protection against predator attacks. The irony of this is that these spiders are so tiny, they’re rarely even seen by predators!
They have a unique mating behaviors in which males seek out females by visiting their webs. They then use a four-tap patterned drumming dance on the silk to get the female’s attention. It can take nearly an hour for mating to be complete, after which time, the male remains on the female’s web and the female produces an egg sac with up to 260 eggs.
The Japanese spider crab is a giant crustacean that can grow up to 12.5 feet that is most commonly found on the Pacific side of Japan.
At first glance, they look like ancient monsters that have crawled straight out of a sci-fi movie. However, in the marine community, they are known to be gentle giants.
As a species of marine crab, these crabs are often found inhabiting holes and pits on the ocean floor between 160 – 2,000 feet in depth.
Living at such deep depths and covered in a thorny protective exoskeleton, with 10 giant legs – these animals have few natural predators.
They are omnivorous, and they diet on dead and decaying animals and plant matter on the sea bed. They may at times also eat live fish that come there way.
@mistermonster They do come in a variety of colors, but I just preferred the one. The different colored varieties are still the same, however: "There are a variety of species in this genus and abdomen colors vary from red, orange and yellow to white and ivory. Spines are black or red."
The Jewel Stag Beetle, (Lamprima adolphinae) is a species of stag beetle from Indonesia. They are known for the many different metallic colours they come in, such as gold, green, blue and purple. They are a relatively small species coming in at around 50mm for major males.
Lamprima adolphinae is endemic to New Guinea. The species is said to occur as a neozoon in Japan. Characteristics
The species is characterized by a very pronounced sexual dimorphism. The males can reach a body length of 27 millimetres, the females are considerably smaller and grow up to 22 millimetres long. The pronotum and elytra are metallic green in color, the head and abdomen are coppery reddish. The pronotum is wider than long and reaches the width of the elytra. The male's body surface is smooth and shiny, with sparse, inconspicuous spots.
Lamprima adolphinae occurs in many different color variants, especially in bred animals. For example, there are breeding forms in blue, red, black and other colors.
The animals feed on tree sap and overripe fruit. The females lay their eggs in rotten logs. To do this, they make tunnels in the dead wood. The larvae live and feed on rotten hardwood. Depending on the temperature and available food, they need 9 to 13 months to develop. The male larvae can reach a length of up to 60 millimeters, the female larvae up to 40 millimeters.
Gooty sapphires are an Old World tarantula species, famous for their dramatic yellow and blue coloring. Broadly, Old World means ‘not native to North or South America’. In fact, their name holds the details of this tarantula’s origins. The first individual described was caught in the Indian town of Gooty in the early 20th century. But this is only half the story. It is now thought that one Gooty had arrived in town by train, because they have only been discovered in a small region of forest 60 miles east of there since.
Gooty tarantulas are famous for their exotic coloring. Their main body color is blue, not because of blue pigment, but due to special lamellated hairs on their exoskeleton. Lamellated means ‘scaly’. The scaliness of those hairs disrupts how light is reflected from their surface, so that blue wavelengths dominate. In fact, the hairs themselves are not blue at all! Because of this, how intensely blue a gooty sapphire looks will depend partly on how the light is hitting them. Beside their blue areas they also have a white fractal pattern running down the center of their back, and vivid yellow patches at some of the joints on their legs (which are the result of yellow pigment).
Gooty sapphires are venomous, and very much so -unlike tarantula species which rely on a venomous bite and flicking tiny irritating hairs from the sides of their abdomen to repel threats, gooties rely solely on their venomous bite as their only form of defense. To make it as effective as possible, they have adapted to produce a very powerful venom.
Sand fly adults are small flies – only about 3 mm long – and are golden, brownish or gray colored. They have long, piercing mouthparts that are well adapted for sucking blood from their selected host. Sand flies hold their hairy-looking wings in a vertical V-shape when at rest, a characteristic that distinguishes them from some other small flies. Also, the six legs on the adults are extremely long, being longer than the insect’s body.
Female sand flies are blood feeders, but the males do not feed on blood. Females must consume a blood meal before they are able to develop eggs. However, both males and females also consume sugar-related nutrients that come from plant nectar or honeydew. Sand fly hosts vary a great deal. Some species feed on both mammals and reptiles, while Lutzomyia shannani, a common sand fly species in Florida and other coastal states feed on white-tailed deer, horses, donkeys, mules, cattle, swine, raccoons, rodents, birds and humans.
In general, sand fly bites are very painful. Most flies that bite humans feed during the evening and throughout the night. In some cases, flies will attack in the daytime, if they are disturbed while resting.
In general, sand fly females must consume a blood meal to develop eggs.
Sand flies develop by complete metamorphosis, which means they go through four developmental stages: egg, larvae (grub), pupae (cocoon) and adult. Sand flies complete their life cycle within 1-3 months, depending on the sand fly species and their environmental conditions.
The Pale Green Weevil is also known as the Leaf Weevil, a name more descriptive of its diet than its appearance. Pale Green Weevils are a bright green color with linear ridges on the elytra (wing coverings). Their green heads are marked with large black eyes and a small black line by the base of each bent antennae. The face is slightly flattened and long. They take flight when approached.
This species is not native to North America and was transported from Europe in the early 1900's. The first documented sighting of them on this continent was in New York in 1906. The adults chew on the leaves of birch, maple, willow, and poplar trees as well as orchard trees like apple, pear, cherry, peach, and plum. Feeding only lasts a few weeks in the spring and early summer, so their impact on tree health is usually insignificant. They leave jagged edges on the leaves they have chewed, and are only a threat to the health of very young trees that do not have an abundance of branches and leaves yet. Orchards might have an annual inspection for this weevil in areas where new saplings are growing. Mature trees recover from any leaf loss by simply generating more leaves.
Pale Green Weevils are found in the soil at the base of host trees where they chew at the small roots emerging from the trunk at the soil line. Their feeding activity there is also considered insignificant unless the tree is young.
The Pale Green Weevil is also known as the Leaf Weevil, a name more descriptive of its diet than its appearance. Pale Green Weevils are a bright green color with linear ridges on the elytra (wing coverings). Their green heads are marked with large black eyes and a small black line by the base of each bent antennae. The face is slightly flattened and long. They take flight when approached.
This species is not native to North America and was transported from Europe in the early 1900's. The first documented sighting of them on this continent was in New York in 1906. The adults chew on the leaves of birch, maple, willow, and poplar trees as well as orchard trees like apple, pear, cherry, peach, and plum. Feeding only lasts a few weeks in the spring and early summer, so their impact on tree health is usually insignificant. They leave jagged edges on the leaves they have chewed, and are only a threat to the health of very young trees that do not have an abundance of branches and leaves yet. Orchards might have an annual inspection for this weevil in areas where new saplings are growing. Mature trees recover from any leaf loss by simply generating more leaves.
Pale Green Weevils are found in the soil at the base of host trees where they chew at the small roots emerging from the trunk at the soil line. Their feeding activity there is also considered insignificant unless the tree is young.
Dwarf Mexican crawfish comes from Lake Pátzcuaro, a volcanic crater lake in Michoacán which is located in the southwest of the major city of Morelia, Mexico. Wild individuals of this crayfish are mostly tan, brown, and rust color.
However, Dwarf Mexican crawfish are also available in bright colored morphs that are dramatically different from their normal, relatively drab, wild type coloration. The orange color morph of the dwarf species originated in the Netherlands (bred by Juan Carlos Merino in the 1990s).
This color morph also called “CPO – Cambarellus patzcuarensis var orange” is a very attractive and popular strain among hobby keepers. Actually, it completely took over the pet niche for this species. Once again, this mutation comes from the crayfish being bred in captivity and not in the wild.
The lifespan of these tiny bright creatures is only about 2 years but have been known to live even a little bit longer.
With widespread Southeastern US distribution, Grizzled Mantids (Gonatista grisea) have a unique appearance.
It takes on a mottled green color that resembles tree lichen. Its camouflaging colors make it look distinct from most Praying Mantids which have uniform green coloring.
Grizzled Mantises are also some of the smallest types of Praying Mantis in the United States.
Only the largest bugs of the species measure up to 1.5 inches, while others measure around 1.2 inches.
This species is commonly seen in the Southeastern US areas with scrub hickory. The green and gray molted colors of the species help it camouflage itself on the bark.
The mole cricket is an invasive pest that attacks turfgrass and other plants. This unique insect gets its name from its huge forelegs, which it uses to tunnel through the dirt like a mole. It damages golf courses and lawns by eating plant roots and disturbing the soil’s surface.
The mole cricket’s long forelegs are its most distinctive physical trait. These enlarged limbs have blade-like projections called dactyls that allow the insect to dig through the soil. The number and appearance of dactyls differ among species.
Adult mole crickets have short antennae and long cerci, or appendages, on their abdomen. They have large hind legs and wings of varying sizes. Many mole crickets can fly awkwardly. Their bodies have thick, short hairs.
The mole cricket is an omnivore that feeds above and below the surface. These insects eat foliage, grasses, plant stem tissue, roots, and tubers. They also feed on fruit and vegetables like beets, carrots, eggplants, strawberries, sweet potatoes, and turnips. The southern mole cricket mostly eats small animals and insects that live underground.
The panda ant (Pachycondyla chinensis) is a species of ant native to China. They live in forests and feed mainly on bamboo shoots. This ant has become famous because of its ability to survive without water for long periods of time.
Pandas ants are black with white stripes along their bodies. Their heads are yellowish-white and they have large mandibles that help them break down food.
Pandas ants are social animals and they form colonies. When they’re ready to breed, they’ll send out scouts who search for potential mates. If they find one, the pair will start building a nest together. Once the nest is complete, the queen will lay eggs and the male will fertilise them.
When the larvae hatch, they’ll leave the nest and start searching for food. After a few days, they’ll return to the colony and begin eating again.