Helophilus latifrons, the Broad-headed Marsh Fly, is a species of syrphid fly observed throughout the United states, in lower Canada and the mountains on Mexico. Hoverflies can remain nearly motionless in flight. The adults are also known as flower flies for they are commonly found on flowers from which they get both energy-giving nectar and protein rich pollen. The larvae are aquatic feeding on decaying vegetation.
The soft fuzz and black-and-yellow stripes of this flower fly help it mimic bees and wasps.
It was once very common, but its numbers have declined significantly, as much as 80% to 90%. However, it is still widespread and relatively common. It is the most common Helophilus species in Minnesota. The larvae, known as rat-tailed maggots, are aquatic and feed on decaying vegetation.
The Golden Birdwing, or Troides aeacus, is a sizable butterfly that's part of the swallowtail family, Papilionidae. These are found throughout East, South, and Southeast Asia tropical forests and reside in various regions, which include Northern India, Nepal, Burma, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, peninsular Malaysia, and Indonesia, usually in the range of 300 to 2000 meter above the sea level. In most areas, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List categorizes them as Least Concern species. Recently dubbed India's largest butterfly with a wingspan of 194mm, the Golden Birdwing dethroned the former record holder that had been documented by British army officer Brigadier Evans in 1932.
As a large species, they tend to favor open or sparse areas within the forest, which allows for ample room during flight. They can fly very high and are seen flying above the forest canopy. They also fly close to the ground too for nectarine. These striking butterflies can often be spotted near a flower's corolla where they blend in with fluffy pollen-covered hairs. This helps them with pollination. They feed on plants without causing significant disturbance. However, if you notice their numbers growing rapidly, it's essential to treat it with some gravity.
Both the caterpillars and adults of the Golden Birdwing species are generally toxic. They primarily feast on plants from the Aristolochia genus which contain aristolochic acid—a substance notoriously carcinogenic and nephrotoxic. This toxin can accumulate in adult worms and make them poisonous. However, humans shouldn't worry too much; these toxins mainly affect their prey and predators. Though ingesting such toxins could still harm humans on some level.
They are known as processionary caterpillars as the form a long, nose to tail procession, in search of soft ground to bury themselves in, and pupate into moths. These processions are formed when they leave their cocoon, high in a host pine tree. They are common throughout warmer areas of Southern Europe.
During their search for soft ground, they form processions with up to 300 caterpillars, nose to tail. Their natural defense system is in the very fine hairs, which contain an extremely potent irritant, that can cause severe rashes on human skin. When threatened, they can also eject these hairs which have a tiny hook on the end making them difficult to dislodge.
Dogs and Cats can be particularily curious, both by the caterpillars appearance and their bittersweet smell and contact with the caterpillars can cause severe reactions - and even death.
Studies show that during these head to tail processions, stimuli associated with setae found on the tip of the abdomen of the precedent caterpillar serve to hold processions together and such stimuli take priority over those associated with either the trail pheromone or silk. A caterpillar can be readily induced to follow a model made by attaching the integument of the abdomen of a killed caterpillar to a wooden dowel .
Leptoglossus clypealis, the western leaf-footed bug, is a species of leaf-footed bug in the family Coreidae. It is found in Central America and North America. Adult L. clypealis are 18–19 millimetres (0.71–0.75 in) in length. They are brown with flared, leaf-like expansions near their feet and a pale band across their wings.
L. clypealis is commonly found on juniper, but can be a pest to agricultural crops. In the 1980s, Hasan Bolkan discovered that the leaf-footed bug was a cause of lesions on commercially produced pistachio crops.
The common name "Western Leaf-footed Bug" is confusing, as it is also sometimes applied to L. zonatus, and the Latin name for the "Western Conifer Seed Bug" is L. occidentalis actually means "western"; moreover, this species is not limited to the "West".
The dietary habits of most spiders don’t help their creepy reputation. They eat by injecting venom and digestive enzymes into their prey, waiting for the insides to dissolve and sucking it out.
But not this guy. The feather-legged orb weaver is a member of the Uloboridae family, the one North American spider family without any venom at all.
Its webs resemble cotton candy, and entangles prey rather than traps it with a sticky glue, Bradley says. The orb weaver uses the silk and its powerful legs to squeeze dinner to death, then sticks its hollow fangs inside, spits digestive enzymes with its mouth and sucks the emulsified insides back out.
Calappa calappa, also known as the smooth box crab or red-spotted box crab, is a tropical marine species of crab with an Indo-Pacific distribution, and showing great variability in its patterning and colouration. First described as Cancer calappa by Linnaeus in 1758 from a specimen originating from Ambon Island, and later in 1781 as Cancer fornicatus by Fabricius, it was finally placed in the genus Calappa by Lancelot Alexander Borradaile in 1903. The name calappa is associated with kelapa, the Malay word for 'coconut'.
Occurring in the intertidal zone to a depth of 50 m, this species has a carapace of about 15 cm, indistinctly rugose on the anterior half, with wavy lines edging the posterior. It is active during the night hours, and is able, when threatened, to swiftly burrow beneath the sand. It feeds mainly on mollusks such as clams, steadying them with its legs and then, using its pincers, either prising the valves apart or breaking them.
This species can be found in Mombasa, Seychelles, Aldabra Island, Madagascar, Mauritius, Andamans, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Palau, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Shark Bay, Abrolhos Islands, New Caledonia, Hawaiian Islands, Marquesas, Society Islands.
The diabolical ironclad beetle is like a tiny tank on six legs.
This insect’s rugged exoskeleton is so tough that the beetle can survive getting run over by cars, and many would-be predators don’t stand a chance of cracking one open. Phloeodes diabolicus is basically nature’s jawbreaker.
The diabolical ironclad beetle, which dwells in desert regions of western North America, has a distinctly hard-to-squish shape. “Unlike a stink beetle, or a Namibian beetle, which is more rounded … it’s low to the ground [and] it’s flat on top,” says David Kisailus, a materials scientist at the University of California, Irvine. In compression experiments, Kisailus and colleagues found that the beetle could withstand around 39,000 times its own body weight. That would be like a person shouldering a stack of about 40 M1 Abrams battle tanks.
This toughness makes the diabolical ironclad beetle pretty predator-proof. An animal might be able to make a meal out of the beetle by swallowing it whole, Kisailus says. “But the way it’s built, in terms of other predation — let’s say like a bird that’s pecking at it, or a lizard that’s trying to chew on it — the exoskeleton would be really hard” to crack.
**correction to yesterday's post: the Hyllus Giganteus measures between 15 to 25 MILLIMETERS in length.
🚨 ARTHROPOD OF THE DAY 🚨
The holly blue is a tiny blue butterfly that has a scattered distribution around Ireland. It is largely confined to the relatively scarce patches of native woodland that still support both holly and ivy. It is also found in urban and suburban gardens or parkland where these plants feature prominently.
This attractive little insect exhibits a pronounced north-south divide when it comes to its life-cycle. From Dublin southwards populations of the holly blue are double brooded, producing two generations in a single summer. Females from the spring brood lay their eggs at the base of the developing flowers and fruits of holly trees, while those of the summer brood lay their eggs in similar locations on ivy. North of Dublin holly blue populations are single-brooded and produce only a single generation in a season. In these single-brooded populations holly is generally the sole food plant for caterpillars.
Adults feed on the nectar from flowers of both holly and ivy, oozing sap, aphid honeydew and carrion juices. They are most likely to be seen sunning themselves high up near the tops of holly and ivy bushes.
In terms of size, there are only very few species of jumping spiders that come close to the Hyllus Giganteus. Although the regal jumping spider also features an intimidating size, it is still a few inches smaller than the Hyllus Giganteus.
To put things simply, the Hyllus Giganteus measures between 15 to 25 inches in length.
Like other jumping spiders, Hyllus Giganteus are brilliant hunters who can effectively fend for themselves in the wild.
And because they can jump almost eight times their average body length, our furry friends can stalk and take out their prey with precision jumps.
Pulchriphyllium bioculatum, Seychelles leaf insect, Javanese leaf insect, or Gray's leaf insect, is a leaf insect of the family Phylliidae native to tropical Asia as well as Madagascar, Mauritius and the Seychelles. It was first described by George Robert Gray in 1832 and was the first phasmid he discovered. Leaf insects have extremely flattened, irregularly shaped bodies, wings, and legs. They are usually about 5–10 cm long (2–4 in long). They are called leaf insects because their large, leathery forewings have veins that look similar to the veins on the particular type of leaves they inhabit. Its scientific name bioculatum means "two-eyed" and refers to the two dots located on the abdomen just in this species.
Both females and males occur in shades of green, yellow, and orange. Males range from 2.6 to 3.7 inches (66 to 94 mm). The organism's forewings and camouflage are used for defense. The species also has hind wings which are used for flying by males, but are unused by females. Young Pulchriphyllium bioculatum are about 2 cm (0.79 in) long, dark red in colour and have reflex immobility. The species molts 5–6 times in a lifetime.
They are slow-moving herbivores and rely on their camouflage and fore wings for defense from predators including birds, amphibians and reptiles. The females live from 4 to 7 months and males from 3 weeks to 1 month.
The red-spotted purple, Limenitis arthemis astyanax (Fabricius), is a beautiful forest butterfly that is also commonly seen in wooded suburban areas. It is considered to be a Batesian mimic of the poisonous pipe vine swallowtail, Battus philenor (Linnaeus), with which it is sympatric.
The wing spread of adults is 3.0 to 3.5 inches (Daniels 2003). The upper surface of the front wings are black with thin marginal white dashes and submarginal, rows of oblong white and orange spots. The upper surfaces of the hind wings are black with iridescent blue patches and spots on the distal half. The undersides of the wings are brownish black with iridescent blue areas and with large orange basal spots, a row of bright orange spots, and two rows of curved iridescent blue dashes near the margins of the wings. The undersides of both wings have a row of curved marginal white dashes.