`ip -br a` is probably close enough to what you want.
if you know the interface name you can zero-in on it with:
`ip -br a s eth0`
Thing is, an interface can have multiple IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, obviously. In other words, "Linux machine's IP address" is just not clear enough a query to get a clear answer. You kind of need to narrow it down *somehow*, and that will be very dependent on the specific context of what you're trying to do…