@yuki @lanodan In practice I don't think people expected to run with mismatched / and /usr, but they definitely did want a minimal per-system / and a shared /usr. This was one of the motivations of the /var split (originally everything in /var was in /usr).
(Updating your Unix in the old days was ... complicated. Package updates were not so much a thing, although commercial Unix vendors did work out ways of shipping small updates that could be incrementally applied.)