@CarlMuckenhoupt The protocol for the Fediverse before 2016 was literally an atom feed per person, made realtime by WebSub (then PubSubHubbub). ActivityPub is a rewrite and a refinement of that model.
There is no technical reason why RSS readers and fedi clients treat feed contents differently, it's all UI convention. As others have pointed out, Mastodon provides RSS feeds out and Friendica can consume normal RSS and Atom feeds.
The first fedi server implementation, GNU Social (a.k.a. StatusNet, née laconi.ca), allowed you to subscribe to normal Atom feeds, as long as they had a PubSubHubbub pub.