I can understand the constrained supply a little. You want to minimize the number of truly incompetent people becoming surgeons and cutting into people, or incompetent oncologists administering radiation treatments. At the same time, it's constrained a lot more than it needs to be in order to allow in capable doctors that meet the minimum standard, because their Certification Boards (really pseudo-unions) want to maximize the amount of money for doctors (even if it means a lot of them get overworked in dangerous 10+ hour shifts constantly). ... it's a shitty turtle stand of interests all the way down