@lanodan @coolboymew apparently the Event Horizon Telescope (global array of radio-telescopes) uses people flying on planes with suitcases full of HDDs as the main form of data transfer.
Each telescope records at a rate of 64 Gbps, and each observation period can last more than 10 hours. This means each site generates around half a petabyte of data per run. With each site recording simultaneously, Blackburn said the high recording speed and sheer volume of data captured made it impractical to upload to a cloud.