@hye It is disappointing, but if we aren’t too strict about what actual causality the study establishes, there’s also a lot of hope in it to my mind for all of us who are teachers, mentors, models, or leaders: simply believing that the future is not yet written for anyone who is a newcomer to our field, that individual growth is possible, that our support and their hard work both matter, simply believing all that might help •make• it true.