Mir Faizal et al., "Consequences of Undecidability in Physics on the Theory of Everything" https://jhap.du.ac.ir/article_488.html

Exciting! But just because the universe is proven not to be a simulation doesn't mean that the universe is real or that it is proven to be real. ;-)

«Physically these Gödel sentences correspond to empirically meaningful facts—e.g., specific black‑hole microstates—that elude any finite, rule‑based derivation. Gödel’s second theorem deepens the impasse: the self‑referential consistency statement Con(FQG) ≡ ¬ ProvΣQG (⊥) cannot itself be proved by FQG without contradiction [41,42]. A purely computational theory of everything would therefore not be able to establish its own internal soundness.»

«The claim that our universe is itself a computer simulation has been advanced in several forms, from Bostrom’s statistical “trilemma’’ [85] to more recent analyses by Chalmers [86] and Deutsch [87]. These proposals assume that every physical truth is reducible to the output of a finite algorithm executed on a sufficiently powerful substrate. Yet this assumption tacitly identifies the full physical theory with its computable slice FQG. Our framework separates the computable fragment FQG from the non-algorithmic meta-layer MToE. Because MToE contains an external truth predicate T (x) that by construction escapes formal verification, any finite algorithm can at best emulate FQG while systemat-ically omitting the meta-theoretic truths enforced by T (x). Consequently, no simulation could in principle reproduce what would otherwise be the full underyling structure of the physics of our universe. Our analysis instead suggests that genuine physical reality embeds non-computational content that cannot be instantiated on a Turing-equivalent device. Since it is impossible to simulate a complete and consistent universe, our universe is definitely not a simulation. As the universe is produced by MToE, the simulation hypothesis is logically impossible rather than merely implausible.»

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