The first colonists anywhere (except the moon) would have to be ready for a one-way trip. There's no realistic way of coming back from anywhere at this point. And long before you could send people, earth would need to prefect automated mining and fabrication. You'd realistically need machines the size of cars that could land, dig and start creating ingots and other raw fabrication material.

And of course, the best place to experiment with all of that is the moon. But Artemis is a fucking joke and a money pit. There's no way we're ever going back to the moon (if we were ever there in the first place) in any reasonable amount of time with any of the current programs. I think it's much more likely humanity dies here within 10k years before ever colonizing the stars.