Language improvements. Library improvements. Incremental fixes. Drastic redesigns. UX and design thinking applied to dev tools (cf “clarity at the point of use”). Dragging good research that arduous last mile into production-readiness (e.g. ML family’s Option / Maybe types sugared into ergonomic usability as Swift optionals; functional reactive programming becoming declarative rendering). The arduous push toward memory safety, type safety, data race safety. The arduous work of getting a community on board with all these changes.
Better abstractions. Better tools.
5/