O'Neill: "Informed consent, just like a ‘contract’ in contractarian–individualist approaches to trust, may take informal forms in practice but also more formal ones that are like signed ‘contracts’. This informed consent or ‘contract’, in O’Neills perspective, does not have a primary role in establishing or founding trust relationships; it is only used in situations in which people who already trust each other consider doing something that could potentially harm the trust between them."