Leah Rowe is not a Rowebot@milvus_migrans_govinda CPUs about the same, in terms of FLOPS (floating point operations per second); it *is* slightly higher. GPU performance is much higher.
Power efficiency is higher, and the T480 can take more RAM (*64GB* max, versus 16GB on the T440p).
T480 also have an NVMe SSD slot, enabling higher data throughput.
It is theoretically possible to add a 2nd NVMe SSD on T480, by designing a modboard to piggyback off of the PCI-E x4 lane (unused dGPU slot). T440p also has that dGPU slot.
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