5/ Sometimes language changes. A famous example is Beijing 🇨🇳, known in Chinese as 北京 (North, Capital).
For much of recent history, dating back to early interactions with the West, it was known as Peking.
In 1958, China moved away from its ties with the west and adopted the Pinyin writing system, replacing the Wade-Giles romanized transliteration. This marked the end of Peking and the beginning of Beijing!
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing
https://ruqintravel.com/china-destination-guides/beijing-and-peking/