@SteveBellovin Re: JSON, back in the days when XML was The Hot Thing, Juniper needed a way for existing normal FreeBSD command-line tools to generate XML output, so they created a library (libxo, for Xml Output) which is like "structured printf", and added standard command-line options to invoke it. Then when JSON became The New Hot Thing, it was just one change in the library to add it as a new format. FreeBSD has shipped this for eight years now, with additional utilities converted over time.