“The air quality inside the subway system is poor.”
An NYU study found that the air on subway platforms is potentially unhealthy because it contains tiny, invisible particluate matter like iron—undoubtedly related to friction btwn brakes, train wheels & subway tracks.
Concentrations in some stations were 15x ⬆️ than WHO guidelines. Exposure to particulate matter varied among routes & riders with longer commutes were exposed to more air pollution.
Scientific studies 1/2