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15. One big difference between edition 1 and 2 of my book is that batteries are now a thing. California has 11GW of batteries in a grid with about 50GW peak power demand, and the reliability of the grid has improved as its carbon emissions went down.

16. Small-scale batteries are a thing too, even though the economics don’t always make sense. 2023 battery attachment rates – proportion of residential PV buyers who get a battery too – are >70% in Germany and Italy, >50% in Switzerland.