For more than two decades,
through two wars and domestic upheaval,
the idea that al-Qaeda acted alone on 9/11 has been the basis of U.S. policy.
A blue-ribbon commission concluded that Osama bin Laden had pioneered a new kind of terrorist group
—combining superior technological know-how, extensive resources, and a worldwide network so well coordinated that it could carry out operations of unprecedented magnitude.
This vanguard of jihad, it seemed, was the first nonstate actor that rivaled nation-states in the damage it could wreak.
🔥That assessment now appears wrong.
And if our understanding of what transpired on 9/11 turns out to have been flawed, then the costly policies that the United States has pursued for the past quarter century have been rooted in a false premise
https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2024/05/september-11-attacks-saudi-arabia-lawsuit/678430/