In the early 80s, I helped develop a custom LSI. We breadboarded with standard SSI, going through numerous design revisions along the way. The first silicon almost worked, but in addition to a couple missed connections, it couldn’t work over at the necessary speed at the required voltage. Then we had to check over temperature variations using software simulations to size the clock driver transistors.
Lots of iteration invisible to outsiders. 😊 3/3