When Wikipedia was founded on January 15, 2001, it used the wiki engine UseModWiki, which only supported CamelCase links at that time. These links took the form of plaintext camelcase words, such as "WikiCase", and the displayed title of the page this linked to would split this text at each capital letter, producing "Wiki Case". This was a feature inherited from Ward Cunningham's WikiWikiWeb and thereby ultimately the programming language Smalltalk. However, on February 19, 2001, Wikipedia enabled and recommended free links. In the past, unwanted automatic linking had been escaped with doubled bold markup, e.g. Wiki''''''Pedia, which is now interpreted by MediaWiki as bold italic markup followed by an apostrophe (i.e. six apostrophes are split into two for italics and three for bold, with one left over). For an example of this, see the 2001 version of the "Apple" article from the Nostalgia Wikipedia (which uses MediaWiki), particularly the text that's supposed to be presented as "McIntosh" after the word "Jonathan". The CamelCase page on the Nostalgia Wikipedia recommended the use of nowiki tags to suppress unwanted linking.
A year later, with the introduction of the Phase...
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