Also since there’s a lot going on here, up thread I mentioned a 2015 minor bug in Google’s OSS Fuzzer (security testing tool) - the threat actor deliberately introduced the bugged function into XZ, then used that to get an exception in OSS Fuzzer’s code to stop scanning of XZ.
I’ve just been looking at the actual backdoor for a few hours with greater minds than me, it’s incredibly complex - it basically piggy backs RSA key RCE inside sshd as a Trojan horse. Somebody/bodies spent $$ on this.