@gregkh @ljrk If I remember correctly there is a huge difference between 2014 and 2024, where Android Linuxes like in Android 2, 3 and 4 had not only drivers out of tree, but their own subsystems and features, some of which had no chance of going upstream, because mainline had similar but different mechanisms.
Some time between then and now some people started working hard on upstreaming what could be upstreamed and leaving behind things that couldn't, so that Android today can run on a mainline Linux, and anything out of tree is device-specific stuff.
Is that a somewhat accurate overview?