@devnull They definitely are a thing. They’re an abomination :)
They violate the affordance of the control, not to mention conventions and expectations.
A checkbox is either checked or it is not. There is no intermediary indeterminate state. (It can also be disabled.) Ditto for a toggle switch which is modeled on an actual toggle switch; a switch that toggles between two states. If such a switch is stuck in the middle, it’s broken.