The Kremlin raked in an extra €1 billion for its war effort this year after Russia’s largest private oil firm exploited loopholes in EU sanctions rules — with help from Bulgaria.
Taking advantage of a unique exemption to the EU’s Russian oil ban, Bulgaria allowed millions of barrels of Russian oil to reach a local Russian-owned refinery, which then exported refined fuels according to an investigation by the NGO Global Witness.
https://www.politico.eu/article/how-russia-made-e1b-from-an-eu-sanctions-loophole-for-bulgaria/