Judges are immune from suits for damages under federal law and in most, if not all, states. There was a case where the judge illegal order a boy castrated. The legality wasn't even in question. He knew it was an illegal order. Boy was castrated. Judge could not be sued.

There are circumstances where you can sue a judge for injunctive relief. Attorney fee awards are not "damages," so if you can get an atty fee award in such an action, you can hurt them a bit, assuming that they're not indemnified by the county or state for the fees. Injunctive relief would not be available after retirement though since there are no judicial acts to enjoin.