Great film from 1959 about the precursor to the Shinkansen. The Kodama limited express reaching 160km/h. It took 7 hours 50 mins Osaka to Tokyo. Now it takes 2 hrs 20 mins.
This shows the changes that were necessary to get higher speeds.
Seldom discussed is the frequency of the Shinkansen and how many train sets that entails. 1 per 3 mins needs at least 80 sets in operation on the Osaka Tokyo route. There are over 2,600 sets in Japan in total !