The way to create more efficient computers is new computing paradigms like heterogenous computing, and a return to analog computing as both of these solve the major energy problems in current computing: memory access, and the digitization of data. However, this require's brand new computing hardware, and from what I've seen the new hardware is no longer protecting programmers from hardware implementation details. Meaning that a lot of our current code will need to be rewritten. New languages, and frameworks will be created, and a lot of current programmers will have to learn about low level hardware.

Our current computing tech level is probably going to be contracting in 5-10 years until we can build back up again.