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<blockquote style="position: relative; padding-left: 55px;"><section><a href="https://social.jvns.ca/users/b0rk/statuses/114717426933568419">Julia Evans (b0rk@social.jvns.ca)'s status on Saturday, 21-Jun-2025 04:52:29 JST</a><a href="https://social.jvns.ca/@b0rk" title="b0rk@social.jvns.ca"><img src="https://gnusocial.jp/avatar/88850-48-20230116234922.webp" width="48" height="48" alt="Julia Evans" style="position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0;">Julia Evans</a></section><article><p>here's the final version of the "redirects cheat sheet" draft I posted a while back!</p><p>("The Secret Rules of the Terminal is finished! 95 beta readers have read it! the copy editor is done! technical review is done! the illustrator has made the cover! It's going to be out on *****Tuesday June 24*****")</p></article><footer><a rel="bookmark" href="https://gnusocial.jp/conversation/5232200#notice-10267145">In conversation</a><time datetime="2025-06-21T04:52:29+09:00" title="Saturday, 21-Jun-2025 04:52:29 JST">about 14 days ago</time> <span>from <span><a href="https://social.jvns.ca/@b0rk/114717426933568419" rel="external" title="Sent from social.jvns.ca via ActivityPub">social.jvns.ca</a></span></span><a href="https://social.jvns.ca/@b0rk/114717426933568419">permalink</a><h4>Attachments</h4><ol><li><label><a rel="external" href="https://gnusocial.jp/attachment/4817195">cmd &gt; file.txt
cmd &gt;&gt; file.txt
cmd &lt; file.txt
cmd 2&gt; file.txt
cmd &gt; file.txt 2&gt;&amp;1
cmd1 | cmd2
cmd1 2&gt;&amp;1 | cmd2three gotchas:1. cmd file.txt &gt; file.txt  will delete the contents of file.txtsome people use set -o noclobber (in bash/zsh) to avoid thisBut I just have "never read from and redirect to the same file" seared into my memory.2. sudo echo blah &gt; /root/file.txt doesn't write to /root/file.txt as root. Instead, do:echo blah | sudo tee /root/file.txtorsudo sh -c 'echo blah &gt; /root/file.txt'3. cmd 2&gt;&amp;1 &gt; file.txt  doesn't write both stdout and stderr to file.txt. Instead, do:cmd &gt; file.txt 2&gt;&amp;1panel 3: cat vs &lt;I almost always prefer to do:cat file.txt | cmdinstead ofcmd &lt; file.txtit usually works fine &amp; it feels better to meusing cat can be slower if it's a GIANT file thoughpanel 4: &amp;&gt; and &amp;|some shells support &amp;&gt; and &amp;| to redirect/pipe both stdout and stderr(also some shells use |&amp; instead of &amp;|)</a></label><br><a href="https://cdn.masto.host/socialjvnsca/media_attachments/files/114/717/426/615/255/898/original/6eb25d19670f06b2.png" rel="external">https://cdn.masto.host/socialjvnsca/media_attachments/files/114/717/426/615/255/898/original/6eb25d19670f06b2.png</a></li></ol></footer></blockquote>

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Julia Evans (b0rk@social.jvns.ca)'s status on Saturday, 21-Jun-2025 04:52:29 JST Julia Evans
here's the final version of the "redirects cheat sheet" draft I posted a while back!
("The Secret Rules of the Terminal is finished! 95 beta readers have read it! the copy editor is done! technical review is done! the illustrator has made the cover! It's going to be out on *****Tuesday June 24*****")
In conversationabout 14 days ago from social.jvns.capermalink
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1. cmd > file.txt cmd >> file.txt cmd < file.txt cmd 2> file.txt cmd > file.txt 2>&1 cmd1 | cmd2 cmd1 2>&1 | cmd2 three gotchas: 1. cmd file.txt > file.txt will delete the contents of file.txt some people use set -o noclobber (in bash/zsh) to avoid this But I just have "never read from and redirect to the same file" seared into my memory. 2. sudo echo blah > /root/file.txt doesn't write to /root/file.txt as root. Instead, do: echo blah | sudo tee /root/file.txt or sudo sh -c 'echo blah > /root/file.txt' 3. cmd 2>&1 > file.txt doesn't write both stdout and stderr to file.txt. Instead, do: cmd > file.txt 2>&1 panel 3: cat vs < I almost always prefer to do: cat file.txt | cmd instead of cmd < file.txt it usually works fine & it feels better to me using cat can be slower if it's a GIANT file though panel 4: &> and &| some shells support &> and &| to redirect/pipe both stdout and stderr (also some shells use |& instead of &|)
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