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…, in order to avoid a chicken/egg problem, a cyclic dependency, and deadlocks. (Example: journald provides logging to the D-Bus broker, and hence cannot provide APIs via D-Bus. Similar PID 1 itself, or systemd-userdb/systemd-homed which provide user record resolution which D-Bus needs for its policies, and so on and so on).

These problems are very hard to tackle. For example in PID 1 itself we provide our D-Bus APIs not just via the broker, but also via another local "direct" socket.