Pet peeve: no, compression does not make the quiet parts of your signal louder, and I really wish people would stop repeating this.
- Compression makes loud sounds quieter. That's all.
- Compressors usually have a compression stage, followed by a separate volume-boost stage which makes the entire compressed signal louder.
- These are not the same thing.
Why does this bother me? For many years, I looked in vain for an explanation of how compression makes quiet sounds louder.
There actually is a related technology that dynamically makes the quiet bits louder. It's called upward expansion. It's a crucial part of how Dolby noise-reduction works.
Yes, there's also downward expansion; that's how noise-gates work.
Thankyou for coming to my TED talk.