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Blog post: Why systemd-resolved can give weird results for nonexistent bare hostnames, where 'ping nosuchname' will report a temporary failure in resolution https://utcc.utoronto.ca/~cks/space/blog/linux/SystemdResolvedSingleNamesDNS

tl;dr: if you have a DNS search path and your programs make DNS queries to talk to resolved instead of using DBus, you'll make an A/AAAA query for the bare DNS name 'nosuchname.' and resolved's DNS server will answer those queries with a SERVFAIL instead of a NXDOMAIN the way other DNS servers do.