People think of GPS as giving lat/lon coords, but it actually calculates X/Y/Z relative to the center of the Earth, then converts them according to the WGS84 datum[1] into lat/lon and altitude.
However in aviation, the primary altitude measure for navigation remains the classic barometric pressure-based altimeter.
At lower altitudes, you calibrate the instrument relative to readings from a local airfield; at higher altitudes everyone uses a standard calibration.
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