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The line chart shows gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D) for various countries from 2000 to 2020. Here are some key observations: * The United States leads in R&D spending: It has consistently been the highest spender throughout the period, with a significant increase in spending over time. * China's R&D spending has grown rapidly: China started with much lower spending in 2000 but has experienced the most dramatic growth, nearly catching up to the US by 2020. * Other countries show more moderate growth: Japan, Germany, South Korea, and the United Kingdom have also increased their R&D spending, but at a slower pace compared to the US and China. * Spending is adjusted for purchasing power parity: This means the figures are adjusted to account for differences in the cost of goods and services across countries, allowing for a fairer comparison of actual R&D investment. The chart highlights the growing importance of R&D for economic competitiveness, with the US and China emerging as the dominant investors in this area.