In that document, we also list nine quasi- experiments or natural experiments (as when high-speed internet arrives in different parts of a country at different times), eight of which found evidence of harm to mental health, especially for girls and women. (Odgers cited only the 9th one, which relies on a dataset that is made up of unreliable estimates that do not detect known rises in mental illness, as Zach showed here.) To give just one example: Arenas-Arroyo and colleagues (2022) looked at the links between the staggered rollout of broadband internet in Spain between 2007-2019 and hospital discharge diagnoses of behavioral and mental health cases of adolescents. They found a significant effect of the arrival of high-speed internet, but only among adolescent girls.
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