#onthisday in 2008 Satoshi Nakamoto [1] posted a paper to to gmane.comp.encryption.general with the subject "Bitcoin P2P e-cash paper" that outlined how a cryptocurrency (and Bitcoin in particular) might work [2].
Important properties of Satoshi's system included:
o Double-spending is prevented with a peer-to-peer network.
o No mint or other trusted parties.
o Participants can be anonymous.
o New coins are made from Hashcash style Proof-of-Work (PoW).
o PoW for new coin generation also enables the network to prevent double-spending.
Satoshi's original code can be found here: https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/code.
More on everything Satoshi can be found here: https://satoshi.nakamotoinstitute.org/.
References
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[1] "Satoshi Nakamoto", https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satoshi_Nakamoto
[2] "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System", https://nakamotoinstitute.org/static/docs/bitcoin.pdf
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