Timeline for the magnetic disturbance of 13–14 March 1989. (top) The estimated interplanetary conditions. The black arrows show the storm sudden commencement times indicative of the arrival of the interplanetary coronal mass ejection shocks. (middle) The variation in geomagnetic activity. (bottom) Magnetic latitude of the auroral zone equatorward boundary. Black diamonds show the times and latitudes of power system effects.
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