Graph showing Ireland's population from 1600 to 2000. It starts at about 1M in 1600, slowly climbs to 3M in 1700, then spikes to 8M in 1840. Then follows a dramatic crash, bottoming out in the early/mid 20th century. Its population has now recovered to 6M.
https://files.mastodon.online/media_attachments/files/112/114/128/572/057/228/original/23e981be3a75dbf6.png