“Remember all Men would be tyrants if they could. If particular care and attention is not paid to the Ladies we are determined to foment a Rebellion, and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice, or Representation."
#OnThisDay, 31 Mar 1776, Abigail Adams wrote to her husband, John Adams, who was drafting the Declaration of Independence. He declined her suggestions.
A German guard once asked Maureen O'Sullivan what was in her suitcase. She laughed. “A wireless, of course!”.
Very early #OnThisDay, 23 Mar 1944 , Maureen 'Paddy' O'Sullivan parachutes into occupied France to be a radio operator for the British Special Operations Executive.
The SOE supported the French Resistance. Radio operators were at the greatest risk of capture as their position could be triangulated. O’Sullivan was never captured.
#OnThisDay, 21 Mar 1945, Hannie Schaft, an active member of the Dutch resistance known as "the girl with the red hair", is arrested at a German checkpoint in Haarlem.
She is later executed, allegedly saying "I shoot better" after the first attempt to shoot her missed.
#OnThisDay, 19 March 1944, Yvonne Baseden parachutes into Nazi-occupied France as a Special Operations Executive radio operator. The British SOE supported the French resistance. Radio operators ran the greatest risk of discovery as their position could be triangulated when they were transmitting.
Baseden was captured and sent to Ravensbrück.
She was the subject of the first regular UK edition of This Is Your Life in 1955.
“Once, with hand-grenades in my shopping bag, I travelled in a train so full that I had to stand against a German NCO.”
#OnThisDay, 18 Mar 1943, Francine Agazarian arrives in Nazi-occupied France to be a courier in the Special Operations Executive. The British SOE supported the French Resistance.
#OnThisDay, 11 Mar 1959, Lorraine Hansberry's play, A Raisin in the Sun, is the first play by a Black woman to debut on Broadway.
Hansberry was a rising star when she died young of cancer. Her posthumous play, Young Gifted and Black, inspired her friend Nina Simone to write the song of the same name. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hdVFiANBTk
#OnTheDay, 6 Mar 1906, Nora Stanton Blatch was admitted to the American Association of Civil Engineers. The first woman, she was allowed junior status but still denied full membership.
#OnThisDay, 3 Mar 1913, thousands of women marched through Washington DC in the Suffrage Parade. They are led by Inez Milholland, a lawyer on a white horse, with delegations from each state following.
The day before Ida B Wells and other Black suffragists were told they would be segregated, and had to march at the back. Wells said that she would march with Illinois or not at all.
As the march set off behind Milholland on her horse, Wells was nowhere to be seen.
Then she stepped into the march from the sidelines, joining the Illinois delegation. Two white suffragists, Belle Squire and Virginia Brooks, took positions on each side of her.
They were not the only women to ignore the segregation order. Howard University, led by Mary Church Terrell, marched with the rest of the Education section rather than at the back.
Very late #OnThisDay, 28 Feb 1944, Madeleine Damerment parachuted into occupied France to be an agent for the Special Operations Executive. The British SOE worked with the French Resistance.
She was French, and had previously run escape lines for downed airmen. She escaped France in 1942, and then chose to return.
She was immediately arrested as the network had been betrayed. She was executed at Dachau in Sept 1944.
#OnThisDay, 24 Feb 1968, Jocelyn Bell Burnell - along with her male supervisor and three other men - published a paper confirming the discovery of pulsars. She had built the array, picked up the signal and argued it was not an anomaly. Hewish received the Nobel prize for it in 1974: Bell Burnell did not.
In 2018 Bell Burnell received a £3m prize for her work. She's used it to set up a foundation to improve the diversity in STEM.
#OnThisDay, 22 Feb 1943, Sophie Scholl is sentenced to death and immediately executed, alongside her brother and a friend, for distributing anti-Nazi literature at her university in Munich, Germany.
Her cellmate said her last words to her were “how can we expect righteousness to prevail when there is hardly anyone willing to give himself up individually to a righteous cause... It is such a splendid sunny day, and I have to go.”
#OnThisDay, 12 Feb 1983, around 200 to 300 women protested the Law of Evidence in Lahore. The law effectively made women’s testimonies worth half that of men’s.
The police used tear-gas and batons before arresting 50 of the protestors. The day is now Pakistan's Women's Day.
#OnThisDay, 31 Jan 2013, women in Paris are officially allowed to wear trousers.
The 1799 law required women to ask police for permission to "dress as men", or risk being taken into custody. Amendments in 1892 and 1909 were made to allow women to wear trousers if they were holding horse reins or a bicycle handle.
The law was widely ignored.
Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, France's minister of women's rights, lifted the ban as “incompatible with the principles of equality between women and men”. 1/2
#OnThisDay, 30 Jan 1913, Ida B Wells forms the Alpha Suffrage Club in Chicago, Illinois, to give a voice to Black women who had been excluded by national suffrage organisations because of their race.
In March 1913, the club headed to Washington DC to take part in the national Women’s Suffrage Procession. They were told to march at the back, in a segregated section, so as not to upset white southern women.